Entrepreneurship as a pathway to empowerment: Experiences and sustainability challenges among persons with disabilities in Malaysia

Ainur Sofea; Norhaninah; Shahri Abu Seman

doi:10.61688/jev.v6i1.265

Authors

Ainur Sofea Universiti Poly Tech Mara Malaysia
Norhaninah Universiti Poly-Tech Malaysia
Shahri Abu Seman Universiti Poly-Tech Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61688/jev.v6i1.265

Keywords:

'Entreprenuership' 'Empowerment' 'Disabilities' 'Challenge'

Abstract

copy

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Alsop, R., & Heinsohn, N. (2005). *Measuring empowerment in practice: Structuring analysis and framing indicators*. World Bank.

Caldwell, K. (2014). Dyadic interviewing: A technique valuing interdependence in interviews with individuals with intellectual disabilities. *Qualitative Research, 14*(4), 488–507. [https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794113490718](https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794113490718)

Cobb, S. (1976). Social support as a moderator of life stress. *Psychosomatic Medicine, 38*(5), 300–314. [https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-197609000-00003](https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-197609000-00003)

Cooney, T. M. (2008). Entrepreneurs with disabilities: Profile of a forgotten minority. *Irish Business Journal, 4*(1), 119–129.

Cooney, T. M. (2012). *Entrepreneurship skills for growth-orientated businesses*. Danish Business Authority.

Darcy, S., Maxwell, H., & Green, J. (2020). Disability entrepreneurship and self-employment: A review of literature and policy implications. *Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy, 9*(3), 299–320. [https://doi.org/10.1108/JEPP-D-20-00005](https://doi.org/10.1108/JEPP-D-20-00005)

Delve. (2006). *How to do thematic analysis*. Delve Research Methods. [https://delvetool.com/blog/thematic-analysis](https://delvetool.com/blog/thematic-analysis)

Department of Social Welfare Malaysia. (2021). *Statistics of registered persons with disabilities in Malaysia*. Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development.

Dovetail. (2023). *What is a semi-structured interview?* Dovetail Research Methods. [https://dovetail.com/research/semi-structured-interview/](https://dovetail.com/research/semi-structured-interview/)

Government of Malaysia. (2008). *Persons with Disabilities Act 2008 (Act 685)*. Percetakan Nasional Malaysia Berhad.

House, J. S. (1981). *Work stress and social support*. Addison-Wesley.

Ismail, R., Ibrahim, N., & Hamid, N. A. (2022). Challenges faced by persons with disabilities in entrepreneurial activities in Malaysia. *International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12*(4), 455–468. [https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v12-i4/12345](https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v12-i4/12345)

Kitching, J. (2014). *Entrepreneurship and self-employment by people with disabilities*. OECD Publishing.

Leitch, C. M., Hill, F. M., & Harrison, R. T. (2010). The philosophy and practice of interpretivist research in entrepreneurship: Quality, validation, and trust. *Organizational Research Methods, 13*(1), 67–84. [https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428109339839](https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428109339839)

Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). *Naturalistic inquiry*. Sage Publications.

Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development. (2021). *Pelan Tindakan OKU 2016–2022 (PTOKU)*. Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development.

Mitra, S. (2018). *Disability, health and human development*. Palgrave Macmillan. [https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-53638-9](https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-53638-9)

Nowell, L. S., Norris, J. M., White, D. E., & Moules, N. J. (2017). Thematic analysis: Striving to meet the trustworthiness criteria. *International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 16*(1), 1–13. [https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917733847](https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917733847)

O’Day, B., & Killeen, M. (2002). Research on the lives of persons with disabilities: The emerging importance of qualitative research methodologies. *Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 13*(1), 9–15. [https://doi.org/10.1177/10442073020130010201](https://doi.org/10.1177/10442073020130010201)

OECD. (2023). *Inclusive entrepreneurship policies: Supporting under-represented groups*. OECD Publishing. [https://www.oecd.org/cfe/smes/inclusive-entrepreneurship.htm](https://www.oecd.org/cfe/smes/inclusive-entrepreneurship.htm)

Orb, A., Eisenhauer, L., & Wynaden, D. (2001). Ethics in qualitative research. *Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 33*(1), 93–96. [https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.2001.00093.x](https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.2001.00093.x)

Pagán, R. (2009). Self-employment among people with disabilities: Evidence for Europe. *Disability & Society, 24*(2), 217–229. [https://doi.org/10.1080/09687590802652504](https://doi.org/10.1080/09687590802652504)

Persons with Disabilities Action Plan (PTOKU). (2016). *Pelan tindakan orang kurang upaya*. Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development.

Powell, G. N., & Eddleston, K. A. (2013). Linking family-to-business enrichment and support to entrepreneurial success: Do female and male entrepreneurs experience different outcomes? *Journal of Business Venturing, 28*(2), 261–280. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2012.02.007](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2012.02.007)

Renko, M., Parker Harris, S., & Caldwell, K. (2016). Entrepreneurial entry by people with disabilities. *International Small Business Journal, 34*(5), 555–578. [https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242615579112](https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242615579112)

Rosli, N. N. (2021). *Cabaran OKU untuk mendapatkan pekerjaan dan hubungkait dengan majikan*. Trends in Social Inclusion Studies. [https://www.tsis.my/wp-content/uploads/KP-Cabaran-OKU-Untuk-Mendapatkan-Pekerjaan-1.pdf](https://www.tsis.my/wp-content/uploads/KP-Cabaran-OKU-Untuk-Mendapatkan-Pekerjaan-1.pdf)

Shakespeare, T. (2014). *Disability rights and wrongs revisited* (2nd ed.). Routledge. [https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315887456](https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315887456)

Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S. (2000). The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. *Academy of Management Review, 25*(1), 217–226. [https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2000.2791611](https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2000.2791611)

Tihic, M. (2019). Disability and entrepreneurship: Barriers and opportunities. *Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy, 8*(2), 197–212. [https://doi.org/10.1108/JEPP-04-2018-0021](https://doi.org/10.1108/JEPP-04-2018-0021)

United Nations. (2018). *Disability and development report: Realizing the Sustainable Development Goals by, for and with persons with disabilities*. United Nations.

Waite, R. (2024). *Conquering business: Succeeding in business despite disability*. The Fearless Business Coach. [https://www.robinwaite.com/blog/conquering-business-succeeding-in-business-despite-handicap](https://www.robinwaite.com/blog/conquering-business-succeeding-in-business-despite-handicap)

Wigren, C. (2007). Assessing the quality of qualitative research in entrepreneurship. In H. Neergaard and J. P. Ulhøi (Eds.), *Handbook of qualitative research methods in entrepreneurship* (pp. 383–405). Edward Elgar Publishing.

World Health Organization. (2011). *World report on disability*. WHO Press. [https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241564182](https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241564182)

Yamamoto, S. H., & Alverson, C. Y. (2013). Self-employment and income outcomes of individuals with disabilities. *Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 39*(2), 119–127. [https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-130650](https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-130650)

Zimmerman, M. A. (1995). Psychological empowerment: Issues and illustrations. *American Journal of Community Psychology, 23*(5), 581–599. [https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02506983](https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02506983)

:::