Entrepreneurship as a pathway to empowerment: Experiences and sustainability challenges among persons with disabilities in Malaysia
Abstract
Entrepreneurship is increasingly recognisedas a strategic pathway for enhancing economic participation, social inclusion, and self-empowerment among Persons with Disabilities (PWDs), particularly in contexts where access to formal employment remains constrained. In Malaysia, however, limited empirical research has examined the lived experiences of entrepreneurs with disabilities and the factors influencing their entrepreneurial sustainability. This study explores how entrepreneurship contributes to theempowerment of PWDs, the challenges they encounter, and the role of support systems in sustaining their entrepreneurial activities. A qualitative research design was employed using semi-structured interviews with three entrepreneurs with physical disabilities in Malaysia. The data were analysedthrough thematic analysis to identify recurring themes and patterns related to empowerment, barriers, and support mechanisms. The findings reveal that entrepreneurship serves as an important mechanism for enhancing autonomy, self-confidence, financial independence, and social recognition among PWDs. Nevertheless, participants continue to face significant challenges, including limited access to financial resources, inadequate institutional and infrastructural support, restricted market opportunities, and persistent societal stigma associated with disability. The study also highlights the critical role of family support, community networks, and social encouragement in strengthening entrepreneurial resilience and sustaining business activities. This study contributes to the growing literature on inclusive entrepreneurship by providing context-specific insights into the experiences of disabled entrepreneurs in Malaysia. The findings underscore the need for more inclusive policies, accessible financial assistance, entrepreneurial training programmes, and coordinated support systems to strengthen the socio-economic empowerment and long-term sustainability of entrepreneurship among Persons with Disabilities.
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