The Interplay of Job Satisfaction and Burnout: Occupational Differences between Non-Disciplined and Disciplined Workforces

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between job satisfaction and burnout among employees in Hong Kong, comparing those in non-disciplined and disciplined workforces. A cross-sectional survey of 287 working individuals reveals a strong negative correlation between job satisfaction and burnout across both groups. However, the nature of this relationship differs significantly based on occupational structure. Employees in disciplined forces, such as police officers and firefighters, exhibit a stronger bidirectional relationship, where lower job satisfaction leads to heightened burnout, and increased burnout further diminishes job satisfaction. In contrast, non-disciplined force employees show a weaker cyclical pattern, suggesting that other occupational factors may moderate this link. Intrinsic job satisfaction, derived from work engagement and personal fulfillment, plays a crucial role in reducing burnout for non-disciplined force employees. Meanwhile, extrinsic factors, such as job security and financial stability, have a greater impact on job satisfaction and burnout among disciplined force employees. The findings highlight the importance of workplace policies tailored to different occupational groups, emphasizing intrinsic motivators in non-disciplined roles and external incentives in disciplined professions. By recognizing the distinct ways in which job satisfaction and burnout interact within structured and flexible work environments, organizations can develop targeted interventions to enhance employee well-being. Addressing both intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfaction factors can mitigate burnout and foster a healthier, more resilient workforce.